Overview of EV Chargers
EVs can be charged using electric vehicle service equipment (EVSE) operating at different charging speeds.
Level 1
Level 1 equipment provides charging through a common residential 120-volt (120V) AC outlet. Level 1 chargers can take 40-50+ hours to charge a BEV to 80 percent from empty and 5-6 hours for a PHEV.
Level 2
Level 2 equipment offers higher-rate AC charging through 240V (in residential applications) or 208V (in commercial applications) electrical service, and is common for home, workplace, and public charging. Level 2 chargers can charge a BEV to 80 percent from empty in 4-10 hours and a PHEV in 1-2 hours.
Direct Current Fast Charging (DCFC)
Direct current fast charging (DCFC) equipment offers rapid charging along heavy-traffic corridors at installed stations. DCFC equipment can charge a BEV to 80 percent in just 20 minutes to 1 hour. Most PHEVs currently on the market do not work with fast chargers.
Level 2 and DCFC equipment has been deployed at various public locations including, for example, at grocery stores, theaters, or coffee shops. When selecting a charger type, consider its voltages, resulting charging and vehicle dwell times, and estimated up-front and ongoing costs.
EV Charging Table
The below table summarizes the typical power output, charging time, and locations for PHEVs and BEVs for the different charger types.
Electric Vehicle Charging Time Calculator
Here is the link to an EV Charging Time Calculator tool that can calculate EV charging time based on the charging power, EV battery capacity, current charge level, and target charge level.
Average Battery Charging Times
See the average time that it takes to charge an EV’s battery to full capacity using various chargers in the chart below. Factors such as extremely high or low ambient temperatures, as well as an EV’s charge acceptance rate (the rate at which it can accept a charge at various states of charge), can affect your actual battery charging time.
Resource to Find Charging: PlugShare
PlugShare is a community-based tool that guides users to available charging locations around the world. The PlugShare app is completely free to use, and you can rely on us. Your neighbors are providing in-the-moment updates about the charging locations near you so that you to make an informed decision on where to charge and keep moving.
You can access PlugShare on the web (www.plugshare.com) or download the PlugShare app to your mobile device (available for Android or iOS (Apple).
Electric Vehicle Charging Stations
Tens of thousands of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations are available in the United States. These charging stations are being installed in key areas throughout the country for public charging and workplace charging as a supplement to residential charging. Most EV owners do the majority of their charging at home.
Station
Find charging stations by location or along a route. Use the Advanced Filters to search for private and planned stations, as well as charging stations to match certain search criteria.
Tennessee began considering how to recover the lost gas taxes that plug-in EVs do not pay during 2022 and 2023. The Tennessee Legislature passed the “Transportation Modernization Act,” which included a number of changes and included the new taxation system for EVs, which you can see at right. The fees started at $100/EV, but through calculations have escalated to $200 for BEVs (battery electric vehicles, AKA all-electric) in 2024 with a plan to reach $274 in 2027.
See the TN Department of Revenue’s “VR-5 – Registration Fees for Hybrid or Electric Vehicles” fee schedule as last posted in early 2024 ⇒
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Click here to visit the DOR webpage with this information.
Staff from the University of Tennessee developed the calculations that were provided to the State in early 2023 – see those here. Those calculations make sense based on averages. The problem is that it makes all owners – regardless of how many miles a vehicle travels in a year – pay the same amount. Better fixes should be sought by the State Legislature in future years and could include a) placing a tax on kWhs dispensed as fuel [difficult], or b) determining a different, more fair way to assess tax based on how far an EV is driven each year [also difficult].
Get TVA EnergyRight’s guide to Electric Vehicles.
Click the image above to download the free buyers guide that covers everything from the different types of EVs, to how EV batteries work.










